Note that the court is not actually being asked to rule on the full merits of the legality of the executive order and USPS rules. That's a long way away.
Rather, this is "just" a procedural matter, but a critically important one. The lower court issued a preliminary injunction against the USPS enforcing the new rules while the case proceeds. The Supreme Court was asked (by the USPS) to overturn that injunction so the rules can take effect for the midterms.
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