Yep.
They still do it in Thailand with water AND SOAP. But most public toilets are now the sit type. They were often sold terrible plumbing (and other) designs and you generally can't flush any tp down them.
You still see a diagram sometimes for how to use a sit toilet. You have to carry your own toilet paper if you think you might need to go away from home. Otherwise there will likely be someone in front selling small amounts of toilet paper or tissue for a few baht. Some places were like this in Mexico too, buy your toilet paper at the front entrance.
I imagine most squat toilets in Japan have been phased out though. IMHE they always had toilet paper but before that? They now have the most amazing toilets in the world. I liked the ones with the heated seats.
As a kid I remember my farm rellies outhouses, always with a nice big catalogue for wiping.